Believe it or not the way Arabs first started preparing coffee it was black, and remained so in the colder regions (northern Saudi Arabia currently, Syria, Lebanon, Yemen etc.) often mixed with ambergris, musk, sugar, aromatics.
But for some reason, through time, people in the middle of Arabia (current middle Saudi Arabia, Qatar, UAE to an extent and Bahrain) started liking a blond roast with spices added. The history is vague as is all history in the last two hundred years, but I bet it’s something to do with the weather and nomadic lifestyle.
The ingredients and roasting level even within Saudi Arabia differs widely, some brew it with only cardamom, some with cardamom, saffron, cloves, some with ginger, some with frankincense, some with all the above + saffron and civet paste believe it or not. Each region in the peninsula has its own specialty, and within that each tribe has its own. Some tribes in the UAE for example brew it a little darker than blonde, and add nothing to it, just coffee and water.
In the north, some tribes brew it very thick and black almost burnt, and then it’s put into bottles and fermented then reheated.
That’s why I have a resentment for the naming “Saudi coffee”, because it strips away the identities of both people inside the kingdom, and outside of it. It’s a part of a long propaganda campaign there, same with camels, clothes. But I don’t want to get into politics so I apologize.
Anyways here’s wild Yemeni honey, mixed with ambergris at 1%
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